19
edits
Changes
Fix header for InCommon cert
As of January 2015 the [https://www.computing.vt.edu/content/eduroam preferred method] of wireless access at Virginia Tech is through the [https://eduroam.org/ Eduroameduroam] network. Eduroam eduroam is a secure wireless access service that was developed for the use of research and educational institutions. One of the advantages of the Eduroam network over the VT-Wireless eduroam network is that you will be able to connect to the Internet at any participating institution using your Virginia Tech credentials. The Eduroameduroam-US site provides a [https://www.eduroam.us/technical_overview technical overview] of how the network authenticates you to the Virginia Tech RADIUS servers.
==General Connection Information==
===eduroam===
The following settings are recommended for connecting to the Eduroam eduroam network:
* '''SSID: ''' eduroam* '''EAP: ''' PEAP* '''Phase 2: ''' MSCHAPv2* '''Root CA:''' "USERTrust RSA Certification Authority" or pin the certificate (see below)* '''Server Name:''' eduroam.nis.vt.edu* '''Identity: ''' pid@vt.edu (So if your PID was "hokiebird", hokiebird@vt.edu)* '''Anonymous Identity: ''' anonymous@vt.edu* '''Password: ''' [https://www.computing.vt.edu/kb/entry/3765 Your Network Password]
''Subject:'' C = US, ST = New Jersey, L = Jersey City, O = The USERTRUST Network, CN = USERTrust RSA Certification Authority This is a common root CA and should have shipped with your OS. It is likely located in <code>/etc/ssl/certs/USERTrust_RSA_Certification_Authority.pem</code>. Note that if you follow the Authority Information Access of the intermediate certificate, it may direct you to a URL which points to a different version of this certficate, which is cross signed by AddTrust and expires in May 2020. The one in your cert store is self-signed and expires in 2038. You want the one from your cert store. ====InCommon RSA Server CA==== ''Filename:'' InCommonRSAServerCA_2.pem ''Subject:'' C = US, ST = MI, L = Ann Arbor, O = Internet2, OU = InCommon, CN = InCommon RSA Server CA This is an intermediate certificate issued by InCommon. You can get it directly from InCommon [http://crt.usertrust.com/InCommonRSAServerCA_2.crt here]. ====eduroam.nis.vt.edu==== ''Filename:'' eduroam.nis.vt.edu.pem ''Subject:'' C = US, postalCode = 24061, ST = Virginia, L = Blacksburg, street = 800 Washington St. SW, O = Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, OU = Secure Identity Services, CN = eduroam.nis.vt.edu This can be obtained from the [https://certs.it.vt.edu/search VT Certificate Manager]. This requires PID login. Search for "eduroam.nis.vt.edu". Grab the certificate most recently issued. ===Validating the certificate=== <ol><li> Obtain ''all'' certificates in the chain ''in PEM format'' </li><li> Concatenate the non-leaf certificates in to a single file: </li><pre>$ cat USERTrust_RSA_Certification_Authority.pem InCommonRSAServerCA_2.pem > ca.pem</pre><li> Verify the certificates are signed correctly </li><pre>$ openssl verify -verbose -purpose sslserver -CAfile ca.pem eduroam.nis.vt.edu.pemeduroam.nis.vt.edu.pem: OK</pre><li> For at least the root and leaf certificates, verify the subject (compare to above) </li><pre>$ openssl x509 -in file_of_cert_you_want_to_check -noout -subject</pre></ol> ===Certificate Pinning=== Due to vulnerabilities in the MSCHAPv2 protocol that allow the protocol to be cracked quickly with a 100% success rate<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160316174007/https://www.cloudcracker.com/blog/2012/07/29/cracking-ms-chap-v2/]</ref>, it is ''absolutely critical'' that the RADIUS server certificate be validated properly before attempting authentication. Where possible, we opt for the highest level of verification of the certificate: manually pinning the hash of the certificate we expect to be presented. The canonical form of the hash used by many network managers is the SHA256 hash of the DER encoding of the certificate. Validate the certificate (see above) then generate the sha256 hash: $ openssl x509 -in VT-Wirelesseduroam.cnsnis.vt.edu.crt -outform der | sha256sum 216c5f2568c6e84860b12535efe93500623ccee999306b84260f951bcbd57b1a 9b5163a3360f07b2dce2fd1e958c541687cf4c5360bb8adc87fa821c1c969910 -
It is recommended that you perform these steps yourself rather than trusting the certificate hash presented in the configurations below.
'''Note:''' As we are pinning the certificate instead of relying on a PKI, when CNS NI&S rotates the certificates being used(at least every 2 years), the configuration will need to be updated to match the new certificate.
Although you can verify connection to the Virginia Tech RADIUS servers you must keep in mind that you are connecting to a network that you do not control. It is possible that there are network monitors in place which can record and potentially modify traffic.
We encourage you to take precautions against network eavesdropping and mischief (on the Eduroam eduroam network, and in general). Potential countermeasures that one might want to employ include using [https://www.eff.org/HTTPS-EVERYWHERE HTTPS when connecting to sites], using a [https://www.computing.vt.edu/content/virtual-private-network VPN], or using the [https://www.torproject.org/ Tor Browser Bundle]. For general tips on improving your security while using the network, consider reading the EFF's [https://ssd.eff.org/ Surveillance Self-Defense] tips, reading [https://www.hokieprivacy.org/ Hokie Privacy], and/or contacting the [https://security.vt.edu/ Virginia Tech Information Security Office].
==wpa_supplicantInstructions==
[http://w1.fi/wpa_supplicant/ wpa_supplicant] is a cross-platform supplicant which implements IEEE 802.1x/WPA and is used in many Linux/UNIX distributions.
ctrl_interface=DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel
update_config=1
fast_reauth=1
ap_scan=1
phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
anonymous_identity="anonymous@vt.edu"
#THIS HASH IS OUT OF DATE, PLEASE FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS ABOVE # if you prefer to pin the certificate ca_cert="hash://server/sha256/216c5f2568c6e84860b12535efe93500623ccee999306b84260f951bcbd57b1a" # if you prefer to dynamically validate the certificate by its cryptographic attributes ca_cert="/path/to/USERTrust_RSA_Certification_Authority.pem" domain_match="eduroam.nis.vt.edu"
identity="YourPidHere@vt.edu"
password="YourNetworkPasswordHere"
$ sudo dhcpcd wlan0
==netctlInstructions==
[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/netctl netctl] is a network manager which is native to the ArchLinux distribution. netctl makes use of wpa_supplicant under the hood, and so the configuration is similar.
Put the following configuration in <code>/etc/netctl/eduroam</code> with your proper PID and Network Password. Further, this assumes that your wireless network device is wlan0, which you might have to change to match your system. The ca_cert line pins the server certificate and can be generated/validated using the mechanism described above.
'anonymous_identity="anonymous@vt.edu"'
'ca_cert="hash://server/sha256/216c5f2568c6e84860b12535efe93500623ccee999306b84260f951bcbd57b1a"'
'identity="YourPidHere@vt.edu"'
'password="YourNetworkPasswordHere"'
)
The ConfigSection (as per the netctl.profile manpage) is just what you would put in a wpa_supplicant config. Again, note that the domain_match is ''less secure'' than ca_cert, but better than not checking at all.
Ensure that this file is owned by root and only readable by root:
$ sudo netctl start eduroam
===VT-Wireless (legacy)=connman Instructions ==Tested on [[Arch Linux]] This config should be useable with netctl 0.8 (updated on 2013-04-12)connman. * Create a file, '''/etc/netctl/VT-Wireless''' Replace Passphrase and place this in it: Description="VT-Wireless PEAP-MSCHAPv2" Interface=wlan0 Connection=wireless Security=wpa-configsection IP=dhcp IP6=stateless WPAConfigSection=( 'ssid="VT-Wireless"' 'proto=RSN' 'key_mgmt=WPA-EAP' 'eap=PEAP' 'phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"' 'identity="YOUR IDENTITY"' 'Identity with your Network password="NETWORK PASSWORD" 'ca_cert="/etc/ssl/certs/GlobalSign_Root_CAand PID@vt.pem"' ) Make sure to change '''IDENTITY''' to your {{{identity|PID}}}edu, and '''NETWORK PASSWORD''' to your network passwordrespectively.
==AndroidInstructions==
[[File:AndroidEduroamNoCert.png|170px|thumb|Sample Android configuration of eduroam, but crucially lacking certificate validation.]]
A sample configuration is available to the right, but as this configuration is currently lacking CA certificate validation, we do not at this time recommend connecting to the network.
The Identity needs to be modified to match your PID@vt.edu, and your Network Password needs to be entered in the Password field.
Steps:
* From the home screen, press the menu button and choose "Settings"→"Wireless & networks"→"Wi-Fi settings".
* Remove any existing entries for eduroam.
* From the "WiFi networks" listing, click on eduroam.
* Choose PEAP as the EAP method and MSCHAPv2 as the phase two authentication mechanism.
* Enter your pid@vt.edu for the identity
* Enter "anonymous@vt.edu" for the anonymous identity
* Enter your Network Password for the password
* Press "Connect".
'''TODO:''' Android certificate validation
Quick and dirty options for validating the eduroam certificate, in order from least secure to most secure: # Do not validate: you will get online, but consider your connection to be as secure as a public hotspot# (Android 7.1+ only) Use system certificates: This will check to make sure the certificate chains back to some CA in the system cert store. This is significantly better than no validation, but still not very good. You may also need to specify a domain. If so, use "vt.edu"# Download and import the USERTrust Root CA: detailed instructions to come. Since you are still not checking the CN, it is only marginally better than using system certificates.# Use the [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.ac.swansea.eduroamcat eduroam CAT] tool: this will setup the whole wireless profile and use the correct CA and verify the CN. As such, it is the preferred method. Warning, it is ugly. If you have an existing "eduroam" profile, you will need to remove it. When it prompts for the username and password, use <YOUR-PID>@vt.edu and your network password. It relies on geolocation to prompt for the profile for the right school. You may need to go outside to get a good GPS signal. If it is able to do geo-ip (e.g., you are connected to the "VirginiaTech" SSID), it gets you close enough. ==Frequently Asked Questions=====Is eduroam free?=== eduroam at Virginia Tech is free for:* VT-Wireless affiliates with wireless entitlements (legacyincludes students)access and network passwords* Users at other participating institutions ===Why is eduroam the preferred SSID?==={{Version|2Using eduroam has several advantages:* The unencrypted portion of your authentication optionally identifies you as "anonymous@vt.2 (Froyo) of Android}}edu" rather than revealing your PID* You have access to seamless roaming if you ever travel to another participating college campus* The anonymous identity feature separates RADIUS authentication logs from the network access provider's logs
==References==
[[Category:Howtos]]
[[Category:Campus computing resources]]
[[Category:Needs restoration]]