Difference between revisions of "Xmonad"

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'''Xmonad''' is the tiling window manager that rocks!
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#REDIRECT [[u:Xmonad]]
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=Basic Xmonad Keybindings=
 
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Xmonad has very similar keybindings to [[dwm]]. Heres a few of the major ones. They can be redefined by editing the example configuration below.
 
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;Mod-Space
 
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:Changes the tiling method
 
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;Mod-Enter
 
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:Changes the selected tile to the master tile
 
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;Mod-q
 
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:Restarts Xmonad. Note that any open windows and tiles will NOT bet lost
 
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;Mod-Shift-q
 
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:Kills Xmonad, and usually Xorg (depending on how you start X)
 
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;Mod-j
 
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:Select the next tile
 
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;Mod-k
 
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:Select the previous tile
 
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;Mod-Shift-j
 
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:Move the current tile forward
 
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;Mod-Shift-k
 
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:Move the current tile backwards
 
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;Mod-n
 
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:Moves to desktop number n
 
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;Mod-Shift-n
 
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:Move the current tile to desktop n
 
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;Mod-h
 
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:Increase the size of the current tile
 
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;Mod-l
 
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:Decrease the size of the current tile
 
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;Mod-p
 
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:Launches dmenu (if installed)
 
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=Configuring Xmonad=
 
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Edit <code>~/.xmonad/xmonad.hs</code>, then restart Xmonad (Mod-q be default). This configuration file below is the default configuration file, plus a few changes. The mode key is moved from Alt to Super (windows key), the default terminal is set to urxvt instead of xterm, and the PrtSc and Ctr-PrtSc are mapped to scrot (see below for details). Note that this file is written in Haskell, and thus, comments are --. This file also starts xmobar (Xmonad's bar). It is usually a separate package, so if you want this bar, make sure to install it and configure .xmobarrc.
 
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=Ackthet's xmonad.hs and .xmobarrc=
 
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For dual head setup, come to IRC and bug Shards_of_Narsil (used to be ackthet)
 
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Here is an example .xmobarrc:
 
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<pre>
 
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Config { font        = "-*-terminus-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-u"
 
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            , bgColor      = "#000000"
 
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            , fgColor      = "#00FFFF"
 
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            , position =  Top
 
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            , lowerOnStart = False
 
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            , commands    = [ Run Network "eth0" ["-L","0","-H","32","-l", "green", "--normal","orange","--high","red"] 10
 
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                              , Run Network "wlan0" ["-L","0","-H","32","-l", "green", "--normal","orange","--high","red"] 10
 
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                              , Run Cpu ["<cpu0>/<cpu1>","-L","3","-H","50","-l","green","--normal","orange","--high","red"]  10
 
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                              , Run Cpu ["<cpu0>","-L","3","-H","50","-l","green","--normal","orange","--high","red"]  10
 
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                              , Run Memory ["-t","Mem: <usedratio>%", "-l", "green", "--normal","orange","--high","red"] 10
 
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                              , Run Date "%a %b %_d %H:%M" "date" 60
 
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                              , Run CpuFreq ["-t","Freq:<cpu0>|<cpu1>GHz","-L","0","-H","2","-l","green","-n","orange","-h","red"] 10
 
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                              , Run Battery ["-L","50","-H","75","--high","green","--normal","yellow", "--low", "red"] 10
 
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                              , Run StdinReader
 
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                              ]
 
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            , sepChar      = "%"
 
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            , alignSep    = "}{"
 
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            , template = " %StdinReader% }{ %cpu% @ %cpufreq% <fc=#0033FF>|</fc>  %memory% <fc=#0033FF>|</fc> %eth0% <fc=#0033FF>|</fc> %wlan0%  <fc=#0033FF>|</fc> %date% <fc=#0033FF>|</fc> %battery%"
 
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            }
 
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</pre>
 
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Here is a modified xmonad.hs
 
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<pre>
 
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--
 
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-- xmonad example config file for xmonad-0.9
 
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--
 
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-- A template showing all available configuration hooks,
 
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-- and how to override the defaults in your own xmonad.hs conf file.
 
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--
 
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-- Normally, you'd only override those defaults you care about.
 
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--
 
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-- NOTE: Those updating from earlier xmonad versions, who use
 
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-- EwmhDesktops, safeSpawn, WindowGo, or the simple-status-bar
 
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-- setup functions (dzen, xmobar) probably need to change
 
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-- xmonad.hs, please see the notes below, or the following
 
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-- link for more details:
 
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--
 
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-- http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Xmonad/Notable_changes_since_0.8
 
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--
 
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import XMonad
 
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import Data.Monoid
 
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import System.Exit
 
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import XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog
 
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import XMonad.Hooks.ManageDocks
 
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import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
 
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import qualified Data.Map        as M
 
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-- The preferred terminal program, which is used in a binding below and by
 
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-- certain contrib modules.
 
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--
 
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myTerminal      = "urxvt"
 
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-- Whether focus follows the mouse pointer.
 
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myFocusFollowsMouse :: Bool
 
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myFocusFollowsMouse = True
 
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-- Width of the window border in pixels.
 
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--
 
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myBorderWidth  = 1
 
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-- modMask lets you specify which modkey you want to use. The default
 
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-- is mod1Mask ("left alt").  You may also consider using mod3Mask
 
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-- ("right alt"), which does not conflict with emacs keybindings. The
 
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-- "windows key" is usually mod4Mask.
 
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--
 
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myModMask      = mod4Mask
 
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-- The mask for the numlock key. Numlock status is "masked" from the
 
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-- current modifier status, so the keybindings will work with numlock on or
 
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-- off. You may need to change this on some systems.
 
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--
 
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-- You can find the numlock modifier by running "xmodmap" and looking for a
 
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-- modifier with Num_Lock bound to it:
 
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--
 
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-- > $ xmodmap | grep Num
 
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-- > mod2        Num_Lock (0x4d)
 
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--
 
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-- Set numlockMask = 0 if you don't have a numlock key, or want to treat
 
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-- numlock status separately.
 
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--
 
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myNumlockMask  = mod2Mask
 
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-- The default number of workspaces (virtual screens) and their names.
 
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-- By default we use numeric strings, but any string may be used as a
 
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-- workspace name. The number of workspaces is determined by the length
 
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-- of this list.
 
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--
 
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-- A tagging example:
 
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--
 
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-- > workspaces = ["web", "irc", "code" ] ++ map show [4..9]
 
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--
 
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myWorkspaces    = ["1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
 
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-- Border colors for unfocused and focused windows, respectively.
 
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--
 
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myNormalBorderColor  = "#dddddd"
 
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myFocusedBorderColor = "#ff0000"
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Key bindings. Add, modify or remove key bindings here.
 
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--
 
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myKeys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $
 
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    -- launch a terminal
 
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    [ ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_Return), spawn $ XMonad.terminal conf)
 
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    -- launch dmenu
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_p    ), spawn "exe=`dmenu_path | dmenu` && eval \"exec $exe\"")
 
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    -- launch gmrun
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_p    ), spawn "gmrun")
 
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    -- close focused window
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_c    ), kill)
 
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    -- Rotate through the available layout algorithms
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_space ), sendMessage NextLayout)
 
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    --  Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_space ), setLayout $ XMonad.layoutHook conf)
 
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    -- Resize viewed windows to the correct size
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_n    ), refresh)
 
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    -- Move focus to the next window
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_Tab  ), windows W.focusDown)
 
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    -- Move focus to the next window
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_j    ), windows W.focusDown)
 
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    -- Move focus to the previous window
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_k    ), windows W.focusUp  )
 
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    -- Move focus to the master window
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_m    ), windows W.focusMaster  )
 
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    -- Swap the focused window and the master window
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_Return), windows W.swapMaster)
 
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    -- Swap the focused window with the next window
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_j    ), windows W.swapDown  )
 
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    -- Swap the focused window with the previous window
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_k    ), windows W.swapUp    )
 
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    -- Shrink the master area
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_h    ), sendMessage Shrink)
 
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    -- Expand the master area
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_l    ), sendMessage Expand)
 
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    -- Push window back into tiling
 
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    , ((modm,              xK_t    ), withFocused $ windows . W.sink)
 
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    -- Increment the number of windows in the master area
 
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    , ((modm              , xK_comma ), sendMessage (IncMasterN 1))
 
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    -- Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
 
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    , ((modm              , xK_period), sendMessage (IncMasterN (-1)))
 
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    -- Toggle the status bar gap
 
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    -- Use this binding with avoidStruts from Hooks.ManageDocks.
 
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    -- See also the statusBar function from Hooks.DynamicLog.
 
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    --
 
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    , ((modm              , xK_b    ), sendMessage ToggleStruts)
 
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    , ((controlMask, xK_Print ), spawn "sleep 0.2; scrot -s")
 
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    , ((0   , xK_Print), spawn "scrot")
 
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    -- Quit xmonad
 
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    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_q    ), io (exitWith ExitSuccess))
 
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    -- Restart xmonad
 
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    , ((modm              , xK_q    ), spawn "xmonad --recompile; xmonad --restart")
 
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    ]
 
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    ++
 
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    --
 
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    -- mod-[1..9], Switch to workspace N
 
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    --
 
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    -- mod-[1..9], Switch to workspace N
 
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    -- mod-shift-[1..9], Move client to workspace N
 
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    --
 
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    [((m .|. modm, k), windows $ f i)
 
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        | (i, k) <- zip (XMonad.workspaces conf) [xK_1 .. xK_9]
 
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        , (f, m) <- [(W.greedyView, 0), (W.shift, shiftMask)]]
 
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    ++
 
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    --
 
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    -- mod-{w,e,r}, Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
 
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    -- mod-shift-{w,e,r}, Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
 
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    --
 
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    [((m .|. modm, key), screenWorkspace sc >>= flip whenJust (windows . f))
 
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        | (key, sc) <- zip [xK_w, xK_e, xK_r] [0..]
 
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        , (f, m) <- [(W.view, 0), (W.shift, shiftMask)]]
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Mouse bindings: default actions bound to mouse events
 
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--
 
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myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $
 
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    -- mod-button1, Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
 
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    [ ((modm, button1), (\w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w
 
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                                      >> windows W.shiftMaster))
 
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    -- mod-button2, Raise the window to the top of the stack
 
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    , ((modm, button2), (\w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster))
 
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    -- mod-button3, Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
 
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    , ((modm, button3), (\w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w
 
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                                      >> windows W.shiftMaster))
 
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    -- you may also bind events to the mouse scroll wheel (button4 and button5)
 
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    ]
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Layouts:
 
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-- You can specify and transform your layouts by modifying these values.
 
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-- If you change layout bindings be sure to use 'mod-shift-space' after
 
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-- restarting (with 'mod-q') to reset your layout state to the new
 
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-- defaults, as xmonad preserves your old layout settings by default.
 
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--
 
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-- * NOTE: XMonad.Hooks.EwmhDesktops users must remove the obsolete
 
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-- ewmhDesktopsLayout modifier from layoutHook. It no longer exists.
 
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-- Instead use the 'ewmh' function from that module to modify your
 
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-- defaultConfig as a whole. (See also logHook, handleEventHook, and
 
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-- startupHook ewmh notes.)
 
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--
 
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-- The available layouts.  Note that each layout is separated by |||,
 
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-- which denotes layout choice.
 
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--
 
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myLayout = tiled ||| Mirror tiled ||| Full
 
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  where
 
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    -- default tiling algorithm partitions the screen into two panes
 
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    tiled  = Tall nmaster delta ratio
 
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    -- The default number of windows in the master pane
 
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    nmaster = 1
 
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    -- Default proportion of screen occupied by master pane
 
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    ratio  = 1/2
 
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    -- Percent of screen to increment by when resizing panes
 
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    delta  = 3/100
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Window rules:
 
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-- Execute arbitrary actions and WindowSet manipulations when managing
 
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-- a new window. You can use this to, for example, always float a
 
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-- particular program, or have a client always appear on a particular
 
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-- workspace.
 
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--
 
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-- To find the property name associated with a program, use
 
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-- > xprop | grep WM_CLASS
 
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-- and click on the client you're interested in.
 
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--
 
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-- To match on the WM_NAME, you can use 'title' in the same way that
 
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-- 'className' and 'resource' are used below.
 
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--
 
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myManageHook = composeAll
 
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    [ className =? "MPlayer"        --> doFloat
 
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    , className =? "Gimp"          --> doFloat
 
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    , resource  =? "desktop_window" --> doIgnore
 
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    , resource  =? "kdesktop"      --> doIgnore ]
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Event handling
 
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-- Defines a custom handler function for X Events. The function should
 
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-- return (All True) if the default handler is to be run afterwards. To
 
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-- combine event hooks use mappend or mconcat from Data.Monoid.
 
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--
 
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-- * NOTE: EwmhDesktops users should use the 'ewmh' function from
 
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-- XMonad.Hooks.EwmhDesktops to modify their defaultConfig as a whole.
 
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-- It will add EWMH event handling to your custom event hooks by
 
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-- combining them with ewmhDesktopsEventHook.
 
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--
 
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myEventHook = mempty
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Status bars and logging
 
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-- Perform an arbitrary action on each internal state change or X event.
 
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-- See the 'XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog' extension for examples.
 
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--
 
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--
 
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-- * NOTE: EwmhDesktops users should use the 'ewmh' function from
 
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-- XMonad.Hooks.EwmhDesktops to modify their defaultConfig as a whole.
 
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-- It will add EWMH logHook actions to your custom log hook by
 
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-- combining it with ewmhDesktopsLogHook.
 
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--
 
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myLogHook = return ()
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Startup hook
 
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-- Perform an arbitrary action each time xmonad starts or is restarted
 
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-- with mod-q.  Used by, e.g., XMonad.Layout.PerWorkspace to initialize
 
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-- per-workspace layout choices.
 
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--
 
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-- By default, do nothing.
 
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--
 
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-- * NOTE: EwmhDesktops users should use the 'ewmh' function from
 
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-- XMonad.Hooks.EwmhDesktops to modify their defaultConfig as a whole.
 
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-- It will add initialization of EWMH support to your custom startup
 
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-- hook by combining it with ewmhDesktopsStartup.
 
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--
 
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myStartupHook = return ()
 
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
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-- Now run xmonad with all the defaults we set up.
 
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-- Run xmonad with the settings you specify. No need to modify this.
 
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--
 
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main = xmonad=<< xmobar defaults
 
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-- A structure containing your configuration settings, overriding
 
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-- fields in the default config. Any you don't override, will
 
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-- use the defaults defined in xmonad/XMonad/Config.hs
 
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--
 
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-- No need to modify this.
 
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--
 
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defaults = defaultConfig {
 
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      -- simple stuff
 
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        terminal          = myTerminal,
 
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        focusFollowsMouse  = myFocusFollowsMouse,
 
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        borderWidth        = myBorderWidth,
 
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        modMask            = myModMask,
 
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        numlockMask        = myNumlockMask,
 
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        workspaces        = myWorkspaces,
 
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        normalBorderColor  = myNormalBorderColor,
 
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        focusedBorderColor = myFocusedBorderColor,
 
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      -- key bindings
 
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        keys              = myKeys,
 
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        mouseBindings      = myMouseBindings,
 
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      -- hooks, layouts
 
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        layoutHook        = myLayout,
 
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        manageHook        = myManageHook,
 
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        handleEventHook    = myEventHook,
 
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        logHook            = myLogHook,
 
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        startupHook        = myStartupHook
 
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    }
 
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</pre>
 
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[[Category:Howtos]]
 
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[[Category:Window managers]]
 

Revision as of 15:54, 21 February 2011

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