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PIC
,Undo revision 2983 by [[Special:Contributions/imported>Pew|imported>Pew]] ([[User talk:imported>Pew|talk]])
'''PIC''' microcontrollers are a relatively popular line of [[w:Reduced_instruction_set_computing|RISC]] line microcontrollers from [[w:Microchip_Technology|MicrochipTechnology]]. Different toolchains are required to build code between the 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit data size lines. They are used in [[gp:ECE 2504 Introduction to Computer Engineering|ECE 2504 Introduction to Computer Engineering]] and [[gp:ECE 4534 Embedded System Design|ECE 4534 Embedded System Design]]. ==Toolchains=====8-Bit===The [[freeware]] [http://www.microchip.com/stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=1406&dDocName=en536656 MCC18 toolchain] from Microchip provides libraries and will compile and link for the 8-bit data word chips such as PIC18 devices. MCC18 can be run on Linux using wine. [http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/index.php sdcc] is a [[software libre]] toolchain that supports a [http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/sdccman.html/node122.html number of PIC18 devices]. ===16-Bit===To build a nonfree toolchain for Linux, use the instructions at [http://www.electricrock.co.nz/blog/microchip-c30/]. To build a completely [[software libre]] toolchain for the PIC24 or dsPIC, follow the steps below.<pre>sudo apt-get install build-essential tofrodosmkdir ~/prj/pic30cd ~/prj/pic30wget http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/mplabalc30v3_31.tar.gzwget http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/mplabc30v3_31.tar.gzwget http://www.electricrock.co.nz/c30/pic30-binutils-v01.tar.bz2wget http://www.electricrock.co.nz/c30/pic30-gcc-v01.tar.bz2tar xf mplabalc30v3_31.tar.gztar xf mplabc30v3_31.tar.gzfind . -type f -exec fromdos {} \;# We don't need to "fix" the search path by adding -nonfree directoriestar xf pic30-binutils-v01.tar.bz2 --exclude=search-path-fix.difftar xf pic30-gcc-v01.tar.bz2 --exclude=search-path-fix.difffor p in pic30-binutils-v01/patches/*; do patch -p0 < $p; donefor p in pic30-gcc-v01/patches/*; do patch -p0 < $p; donecd acmeCFLAGS=-DMCHP_VERSION=v3.31-Debian ./configure --prefix="${HOME}/prj/pic30/build" --target=pic30-coffmakecd ..cd gcc-4.0.2/gcc-4.0.2CFLAGS=-DMCHP_VERSION=v3.31-Debian ./configure --prefix="${HOME}/prj/pic30/build" --target=pic30-coff --enable-languages=cmakecd ../..</pre> ===32-Bit=== ==Programmers==See the [[PICKit 2]] article for programming your hex file natively using <code>pk2cmd</code>. ==Integrated Development Environments==MPLAB is the freeware IDE written by Microchip. Only Windows versions of older versions were made available, although those could be run with wine and with a [[Windows virtual machine]]. The newer MPLAB X is cross-platform [[freeware]]. [http://piklab.sourceforge.net/ Piklab] is a [[software libre]]IDE for PIC microcontrollers.
==Compiling Code==
MPLAB is the IDE recommended by the ECE department. It can be run inside a Virtual Machine, programming using USB passthrough. It can also be installed under wine and the compiler used from the commandline. [http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/index.php sdcc ] is reported to work, and pikdev has a GPL C compiler with some support for PIC devices. Some GNU utilities (namely the PIC assembler and linker, but not compiler) have been modified to support Microchip's microprocessors as wellpart of the [http://gputils.sourceforge.net/ gputils project]. [http://piklab.sourceforge.net/ Piklab] is an IDE with support for both open source toolchains.
MPLABX, the current version of MPLAB, runs natively under Linux. ===Using Wine to Run the Toolchain===The [http://www.microchip.com/stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=1406&dDocName=en536656 MCC18 toolchain] can be run using wine. This page should be updated to give more detailed instructions. ===Makefile Using Wine===The file below is a work in progress.
<pre>
export WINEPREFIX = /home/user/class/embedded/pic/toolchainMCCPATH = $(WINEPREFIX)/drive_c/MCC18/binCC = wine pic30$(MCCPATH)/mcc18.exeCFLAGS = --extended -Opa-gccBIN2HEX # -D__DEBUG -Ou- -Ot- -Ob- -Op- -Or- -Od- -Opa-LD = wine pic30-bin2hex$(MCCPATH)/mplink.exeAR = wine $(MCCPATH)/mplib.exePK2PATH = /home/user/class/embedded/pic/pk2cmd/pk2cmdv1.20LinuxMacSourcePK2CMD = $(PK2PATH)/pk2cmdRM = rm
uart_thread.o : uart_thread.c ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdio.h uart_thread.h uart_thread.c maindefs.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/p18f2680.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdarg.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stddef.h $(CC) -p=18F2680 "uart_thread.c" -fo="uart_thread.o" $(CFLAGS) timer1_thread.o : timer1_thread.c ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdio.h messages.h timer1_thread.h timer1_thread.cmaindefs.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/p18f2680.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdarg.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stddef.h $(CC) -p=18F2680 "timer1_thread.c" -fo="timer1_thread.o" $(CFLAGS) timer0_thread.o:timer0_thread.c ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdio.h timer0_thread.h timer0_thread.c maindefs.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/p18f2680.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stdarg.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/stddef.h $(CC) -p=18F2680 "timer0_thread.c" -fo="timer0_thread.o" $(CFLAGS) my_i2c.o : my_i2c.c ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/i2c.h messages.h my_i2c.h my_i2c.c maindefs.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/p18f2680.h ../toolchain/drive_c/MCC18/h/pconfig.h $(CC) -p=18F2680 "my_i2c.c " -fo="my_i2c.o" $(CFLAGS) clean : $<(RM) "main.o" "messages.o" "interrupts.o" "user_interrupts.o" "my_uart.o" "uart_thread.o" "timer1_thread.o" "timer0_thread.o" "my_i2c.o" "Proj1.cof" "Proj1.hex" "Proj1.map" prog : Proj1.hex $(PK2CMD) -A3.3 -B$(PK2PATH) -P -M -FProj1.hex -Y -T
</pre>
==See AlsoProgramming==* See the [[PICKit 2]]article for programming your hex file natively using <code>pk2cmd</code>. The PICKit 3 has superceded the PICKit 2 but is lacking certain features.
==Debugging Hardware==
Reading printf-style debugging messages over UART with the [[PICKit 2]] is possible from a Windows virtual machine with USB passthrough.
===I2C===
here's a variety of useful hardware available for debugging I2C:
* The [http://www.totalphase.com/products/aardvark-i2cspi/ Aardvark I2C/SPI Host Adapter] is capable of acting as either an I2C master or slave and reading and writing data over USB. There is an [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/aardvark-gui/ AUR package] for the Aardvark GUI for 32-bit machines. VTLUUG [https://vtluug.org/files/aardvark/ mirrors] other Aardvark files since they are no longer available on the vendor's website. The Aardvark also works well in a VM with USB passthrough.
* A [[Raspberry Pi]] has two onboard I2C buses and should be able to act as a master or slave. Performance and reliability may be suboptimal.
* A [[Bus Pirate]] can act as an I2C master or slave and is suitable for human-speed interaction.
===UART===
UART can easily be debugged using an RS232 and a level shifter in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAX232 MAX232] family. For computers without hardware serial ports, USB to serial adapters have near-universal Linux support. For a simpler hardware setup, it may be desirable to use a Bus Pirate or Raspberry Pi as they both support 3v3 CMOS-level UART.
==External Links==
* [[http://hackaday.com/2010/11/03/how-to-program-pics-using-linux/ How-to Program PICs using Linux - Hackaday]] (see article and comments)* [http://gun.io/open/43/libre-pic30-toolchain-bitbake-recipe Bounty on a libre pic30 toolchain BitBake recipe] [[Category:Hardware]][[Category:Howtos]][[Category:Software]][[Category:Scripts]]